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2022 CKS: Efficient Certified Kubernetes Security Specialist (CKS) Exam Questions FeeDownload Certified Kubernetes Security Specialist (CKS) Exam Dumps
NEW QUESTION 54
Create a Pod name Nginx-pod inside the namespace testing, Create a service for the Nginx-pod named nginx-svc, using the ingress of your choice, run the ingress on tls, secure port.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 55
You must complete this task on the following cluster/nodes: Cluster: immutable-cluster Master node: master1 Worker node: worker1 You can switch the cluster/configuration context using the following command:
[desk@cli] $ kubectl config use-context immutable-cluster
Context: It is best practice to design containers to be stateless and immutable.
Task:
Inspect Pods running in namespace prod and delete any Pod that is either not stateless or not immutable.
Use the following strict interpretation of stateless and immutable:
1. Pods being able to store data inside containers must be treated as not stateless.
Note: You don't have to worry whether data is actually stored inside containers or not already.
2. Pods being configured to be privileged in any way must be treated as potentially not stateless or not immutable.
Answer:
Explanation:
k get pods -n prod
k get pod <pod-name> -n prod -o yaml | grep -E 'privileged|ReadOnlyRootFileSystem' Delete the pods which do have any of these 2 properties privileged:true or ReadOnlyRootFileSystem: false
[desk@cli]$ k get pods -n prod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
cms 1/1 Running 0 68m
db 1/1 Running 0 4m
nginx 1/1 Running 0 23m
[desk@cli]$ k get pod nginx -n prod -o yaml | grep -E 'privileged|RootFileSystem'
{"apiVersion":"v1","kind":"Pod","metadata":{"annotations":{},"creationTimestamp":null,"labels":{"run":"nginx"},"name":"nginx","namespace":"prod"},"spec":{"containers":[{"image":"nginx","name":"nginx","resources":{},"securityContext":{"privileged":true}}],"dnsPolicy":"ClusterFirst","restartPolicy":"Always"},"status":{}} f:privileged: {} privileged: true
[desk@cli]$ k delete pod nginx -n prod
[desk@cli]$ k get pod db -n prod -o yaml | grep -E 'privileged|RootFilesystem'
[desk@cli]$ k delete pod cms -n prod Reference: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/policy/pod-security-policy/ https://cloud.google.com/architecture/best-practices-for-operating-containers Reference:
[desk@cli]$ k delete pod cms -n prod Reference: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/policy/pod-security-policy/ https://cloud.google.com/architecture/best-practices-for-operating-containers
NEW QUESTION 56
Cluster: qa-cluster
Master node: master Worker node: worker1
You can switch the cluster/configuration context using the following command:
[desk@cli] $ kubectl config use-context qa-cluster
Task:
Create a NetworkPolicy named restricted-policy to restrict access to Pod product running in namespace dev.
Only allow the following Pods to connect to Pod products-service:
1. Pods in the namespace qa
2. Pods with label environment: stage, in any namespace
Answer:
Explanation:
$ k get ns qa --show-labels
NAME STATUS AGE LABELS
qa Active 47m env=stage
$ k get pods -n dev --show-labels
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE LABELS
product 1/1 Running 0 3s env=dev-team
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
name: restricted-policy
namespace: dev
spec:
podSelector:
matchLabels:
env: dev-team
policyTypes:
- Ingress
ingress:
- from:
- namespaceSelector:
matchLabels:
env: stage
- podSelector:
matchLabels:
env: stage
[desk@cli] $ k get ns qa --show-labels
NAME STATUS AGE LABELS
qa Active 47m env=stage
[desk@cli] $ k get pods -n dev --show-labels
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE LABELS
product 1/1 Running 0 3s env=dev-team
[desk@cli] $ vim netpol2.yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
name: restricted-policy
namespace: dev
spec:
podSelector:
matchLabels:
env: dev-team
policyTypes:
- Ingress
ingress:
- from:
- namespaceSelector:
matchLabels:
env: stage
- podSelector:
matchLabels:
env: stage
[desk@cli] $ k apply -f netpol2.yaml Reference: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/network-policies/
[desk@cli] $ k apply -f netpol2.yaml Reference: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/network-policies/
NEW QUESTION 57
Create a PSP that will prevent the creation of privileged pods in the namespace.
Create a new PodSecurityPolicy named prevent-privileged-policy which prevents the creation of privileged pods.
Create a new ServiceAccount named psp-sa in the namespace default.
Create a new ClusterRole named prevent-role, which uses the newly created Pod Security Policy prevent-privileged-policy.
Create a new ClusterRoleBinding named prevent-role-binding, which binds the created ClusterRole prevent-role to the created SA psp-sa.
Also, Check the Configuration is working or not by trying to Create a Privileged pod, it should get failed.
Answer:
Explanation:
Create a PSP that will prevent the creation of privileged pods in the namespace.
$ cat clusterrole-use-privileged.yaml
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
name: use-privileged-psp
rules:
- apiGroups: ['policy']
resources: ['podsecuritypolicies']
verbs: ['use']
resourceNames:
- default-psp
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
name: privileged-role-bind
namespace: psp-test
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: use-privileged-psp
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: privileged-sa
$ kubectl -n psp-test apply -f clusterrole-use-privileged.yaml
After a few moments, the privileged Pod should be created.
Create a new PodSecurityPolicy named prevent-privileged-policy which prevents the creation of privileged pods.
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
name: example
spec:
privileged: false # Don't allow privileged pods!
# The rest fills in some required fields.
seLinux:
rule: RunAsAny
supplementalGroups:
rule: RunAsAny
runAsUser:
rule: RunAsAny
fsGroup:
rule: RunAsAny
volumes:
- '*'
And create it with kubectl:
kubectl-admin create -f example-psp.yaml
Now, as the unprivileged user, try to create a simple pod:
kubectl-user create -f- <<EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: pause
spec:
containers:
- name: pause
image: k8s.gcr.io/pause
EOF
The output is similar to this:
Error from server (Forbidden): error when creating "STDIN": pods "pause" is forbidden: unable to validate against any pod security policy: [] Create a new ServiceAccount named psp-sa in the namespace default.
$ cat clusterrole-use-privileged.yaml
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
name: use-privileged-psp
rules:
- apiGroups: ['policy']
resources: ['podsecuritypolicies']
verbs: ['use']
resourceNames:
- default-psp
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
name: privileged-role-bind
namespace: psp-test
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: use-privileged-psp
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: privileged-sa
$ kubectl -n psp-test apply -f clusterrole-use-privileged.yaml
After a few moments, the privileged Pod should be created.
Create a new ClusterRole named prevent-role, which uses the newly created Pod Security Policy prevent-privileged-policy.
apiVersion: policy/v1beta1
kind: PodSecurityPolicy
metadata:
name: example
spec:
privileged: false # Don't allow privileged pods!
# The rest fills in some required fields.
seLinux:
rule: RunAsAny
supplementalGroups:
rule: RunAsAny
runAsUser:
rule: RunAsAny
fsGroup:
rule: RunAsAny
volumes:
- '*'
And create it with kubectl:
kubectl-admin create -f example-psp.yaml
Now, as the unprivileged user, try to create a simple pod:
kubectl-user create -f- <<EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: pause
spec:
containers:
- name: pause
image: k8s.gcr.io/pause
EOF
The output is similar to this:
Error from server (Forbidden): error when creating "STDIN": pods "pause" is forbidden: unable to validate against any pod security policy: [] Create a new ClusterRoleBinding named prevent-role-binding, which binds the created ClusterRole prevent-role to the created SA psp-sa.
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
# This role binding allows "jane" to read pods in the "default" namespace.
# You need to already have a Role named "pod-reader" in that namespace.
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
name: read-pods
namespace: default
subjects:
# You can specify more than one "subject"
- kind: User
name: jane # "name" is case sensitive
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
roleRef:
# "roleRef" specifies the binding to a Role / ClusterRole
kind: Role #this must be Role or ClusterRole
name: pod-reader # this must match the name of the Role or ClusterRole you wish to bind to apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: Role metadata:
namespace: default
name: pod-reader
rules:
- apiGroups: [""] # "" indicates the core API group
resources: ["pods"]
verbs: ["get", "watch", "list"]
NEW QUESTION 58
......
